الأربعاء، 9 مايو 2012

UN seeks world ban on indoor smoking






 
UN seeks world ban on indoor smoking

GENEVA -- The United Nations health agency yesterday issued its strongest policy recommendations yet for controlling tobacco use, urging all countries to ban smoking at indoor workplaces and in public buildings.

"The evidence is clear. There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke," said Dr. Margaret Chan, director-general of the World Health Organization.

Tobacco use is the world's leading cause of preventable death, accounting for 10 percent of adult fatalities, according to the WHO. It is responsible for 5.4 million deaths each year, a figure that is expected to rise to 8.3 million by 2030, the agency says.

Increasing numbers of nonsmokers will also die unless governments take action, the WHO said in its 50-page report. It said governments of both rich and poor countries should declare all public indoor places smoke-free, by passing laws and actively enforcing measures to ensure that "everyone has a right to breathe clean air, free from tobacco smoke."

"This is not about shaming the smoker. This is not even about banning smoking," said Dr. Armando Peruga, who heads WHO's anti tobacco campaign. "This is about society taking decisions about where to smoke and where not to smoke."

He cited Ireland and Uruguay as governments that have successfully tackled smoking by creating and enforcing smoke-free environments.
Once again, the UN is acting more and more like a world government. And not a world government based on the enlightened principles or liberalism, but the irrational principles of socialism and/or fascism. It's policies like this that make it hard for a country to reform soft drug laws......an example of this is the Netherlands. The Netherlands can't legalize weed or shrooms completely because other countries and international organizations will attack it (albeit economical or not). The the head of this "Govern like we say" movement is the UN and surprisingly the US.

The UN knows that they can't place tobacco in the list of illicit substances because too many people smoke tobacco. It's the same thing with alcohol and tobacco. So now they are slowly trying to sneak legislation in, until they can sneak prohibition laws.

And if they move towards tobacco prohibition, all the hard work of limiting tobacco use through proven methods like education will go to waste. As we all know, when a substance is banned or even severely limited, the use of it will go down for some time until the red-black market has been established, then use will skyrocket far above pre-prohibition use. And if this happens, expect to see many addicts robbing stores and people to get money for their fix. Remember that tobacco is more addicting than even heroin and cocaine (90% addiction rate)!

Now then, is this worldwide smoking ban desirable? Let's put aside the UN centralization argument and instead focus on the law itself. This law is wants to basically ban smoking in indoor places......mainly in business. What's wrong with this law?

The problem with this law is of course that whether or not smoking should be allowed indoors is up to the people that own the indoors. It doesn't matter if its residential or commercial, it is up to the people in charge of their business to decide on smoking and non-smoking. Let the free market (backed by the science of economics) decide whether smoking will be allowed in public places.

If enough public awareness is raised about the dangers of breathing tobacco smoke, then many people will start to go to businesses with non-smoking policies, and these businesses will then prosper more than the businesses that permit smoking. Or maybe not.......maybe some people believe that second hand smoke is bs and want to smoke in a restaurant. They should have the right to do so if the owners of the business permit it. It's as simple as that. Prohibition and regulation never work and create more problems than they solve. And whose to say whether these bigot regulation/prohibition policies work?



Types of Relief Sculpture


Types of  Relief Sculpture

There are 3 basic types of relief  :  low relief or (bas-relief) ,  where the sculpture projects partly from the background surface the image is with a shallow overall depth, for example used on coins. High relief or (alto-releif) where the sculpture projects at least half or more of its natural circuit  from the background and may sometimes be detashed fom the ground.  sunken relief or (intaglio relief), where the carving is sunk below the level of the surrounding surface and is contained within a sharpely incised boundry line that frames it with a powerful line of shadow. This kind of carving  is found exclusively in ancient Egyptian art. Some sculptors use a kind of relief called middle-relief (mezzo-relievo) it’s a style inbetween low and high relief.


History of Relief Sculpture

Development of releif sculpture feature between pictorial and sculptural dominance.  Greek art, reliefs are more like sculptures than they are pictures.  Pictures accupy space which is defined by the solid forms of the figures themselves and is limited by the background plane. This plane backgroun is to form a limited  incomprehensible barriers.

Ancient Relief Sculpture

During the civilizations of the Ancient World (c.3,500-600 BCE), reliefs were commonly seen on the surfaces of stone buildings in ancient Egypt, Assyria and other Middle Eastern cultures. Egyptian sculptors used sunken relief. High reliefs did not become common until Classical Antiquity (c.500 BCE onwards), when Ancient Greek sculptors began to explore the genre more .  Relief sculptures were prominent in the sarcophagi of Roman art during the 2nd and 3rd centuries. During the period 600-1100, abstract reliefs appeared in numerous cultures around the world, as disparate as the Mixtec culture in Mexico, the Norse/Viking culture and Islamic environments across the Middle East.

Medieval Relief Sculpture

In Europe during the period 1000-1400, cultural expansion was largely in the form of architecture, its noticed by the buildings churches Although statuary was a feature of this religious art, the main emphasis was on relief sculpture, as exemplified by the wonderful reliefs which decorate the portals (tympana) of Romanesque cathedrals in France, Germany, England and other countries. The Gothic period maintained this tradition though Gothic sculptors typically preferred a higher relief .

The Renaissance Onwards

The Italian Renaissance (c.1400-1600) brought a noticeable change, as illustrated by the famous bronze doors that Lorenzo Ghiberti made for the Baptistry of Florence Cathedral. In order to exploit the full potential for perspective, figures in the foreground of the composition were done in high relief, making them appear close at hand, while background features were done in low relief, thus depicting distance. In his sculpture, Donatello further developed this approach by adding textural contrasts between rough and smooth surfaces. Thus in general Renaissance relief sculptors tended to make maximum use of the pictorial possibilities of the 2-D background, although there were exceptions. Baroque relief sculptors further developed the pictorial approach used inRenaissance art, often on a very large scale. Sometimes their large relief compositions actually became a kind of painting in marble, as exemplified by Ecstasy of Santa Theresa by Bernini, which included figures carved almost fully in the round but encased in a marble altar.

 A few nineteenth century sculptors, like Antonio Canova and Bertel Thorvaldsen temporarily revived the use of low reliefs in pursuit of what they saw as classical  purity, but on the whole the Renaissance concept of "pictorial-style" relief prevailed, reaching a high point in the work of Francois Rude (Arc de Triomph) and Auguste Rodin (Gates of Hell). Perhaps the greatest and most famous relief sculpture of the 20th century is the Mount Rushmore National Memorial (1927-41), produced under Gutzon Borglum. This unique work features high relief granite portraits of American Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt.






























Reason & Religion




Reason & Religion

( the divine law )



Reason & religion. what is reason?, what is the divine law? Are they contradictory?  Life based on reason is best or based on religion?, Is reason the right answer in the abcence of religion? these questions are the most debatable questions among us.

Reason is a term that refers to the capacity human beings have to make sense of things, to establish facts, and to justify their acts and beliefs and be able to realize whats wrong and whats right.

 Aristotle states that the part that distinguishes humans from animals is the third part of the soul. This part is strictly rational. It allows humans to have intellectual virtues such as reason.With respect to aristotle life according to reason is best. His philosophy states that knowledge of the world begins by looking at and examining what exist, and that men should observe in able to understand the world. Aristotle also says that a person to reach their satisfaction in life and to be good they should depend on their reason to reach the ultimate happiness. Reason is what makes people think of what they do whether its good or bad, the right thing to do or not, Aristotle also believed that to be moral, one must find a mean between two vices. He said that there was a vice of deficiency, which is having too little of one vice and a vice of excess, which is having too much of one vice. The middle of these vices was the virtuous mean.Therefore, one must have moderation between the two extremes. To be able to obtain these virtues in the proper form, one must be able to control their desires. This is done by using reason.

So reason is a mean that makes people stop and think twice about a thing before acting. To realize whether what we are doing is the right thing to do or not it’s a measure to the good in our life.

Many says that reason and religion are contradictory to each other but accoording to aristole  religious beliefs emerge from rational reflections. In other words religion comes from reason, that means that reason makes us know the existance of God and the divine law.

What is the divine law?

Divine law is any law (or rule) that in the opinion of believers, comes directly from the will of God.

Aquinas states: Reason covers what we can know by experiece and logic alone. From reason , we can know that there is a God and that there is only one God. Faith builds on reason, since faith and reason are ways to of knowing the truth, if we undertand faith and reason correctly there will no conflict between what faith tells us and what reason tells us …

Aristotle and Aquinas have many similar thoughts on the way that the human should live. Both of them believe that humans are rational beings. They also believe that because humans are rational they can follow their instincts and live a life of moral goodness. Aquinas however, believed that God was leading human beings to a rational, moral life, while Aristotle believed that being moral was naturally inherent in human beings.

Reason and religion differs with respect to peoples belives for example sometimes in certain situations a person reason tells them its ok to do it but their religon doesn’t allow them to do so here in this situation reason and the divine law are contradictory but in my belife religion puts boundries and limits to our action and this way our reason is limited to our religion believes.  Such as in some daily situation u face some obstacles where you find your reason is the same as what your religion as of you to do or to act.

In conclusion as mentioned earlier “Reason covers what we can know by experiece and logic alone. From reason , we can know that there is a God and that there is only one God. Faith builds on reason, since faith and reason are ways to of knowing the truth, if we undertand faith and reason correctly there will no conflict between what faith tells us and what reason tells us” which means that both reason and religion is linked together in a way not necessary contradictory to each other all it needs is understanding of both.

أيها الشهيد
بكى شعري دماً على شهداء البلاد 
ويا ليته زغرد ذغردته في عرس البطولة 
فأنت أيها الشهيد خير العباد و شهادتك ما هي إلا دليل على الرجولة
أيها الشهيد...
جعلت من بلادنا بلاداً أبية
فلم ترتح حتى بزغ فجر الحرية
داست قدمك وجه كل طاغٍ جبار عنيد
فجعلت من عيدك،عيد الشهيد،لنا عيد
أيها الشهيد...
أنت رمز الفخر والوقار والعطاء
فما هي ارضنا لو لم تروها نقاطك الحمراء 
فتخصبت الأرض من دمائك الطاهرة 
وسارت بخطى ثابتة نحو العزة والعلياء
أيها الشهيد...
بالعزة والكرامة عصبت الجبين 
وهزمت بيت العنكبوت
يا أسداً بقلب العرين
هيا يا شباب...
قوموا ورقصوا للشهادة على
مذبح الأوطان
وارفعو الرأس عالياً
ليفخر لبنان
فدماء الشهداء ليست مجرد دماء 
انها ورود حمراء
وشقائق نعمان
ولا تبكه فاليوم بدء حياته
إن الشهيد يعيش يوم مماته

بالفيديو.. المطرب الإسباني يقبّل قدم نانسي عجرم

فوجئت الفنانة نانسي عجرم بالمطرب الإسباني الغجري “خوسيه جالفيز” يقبل قدميها بعد انتهاء وصلتهما الغنائية، في برنامجCoke Studio، رغم محاولات نانسي من ذلك.وكانت نانسي قد انتهت من تسجيل أغنيتها “حالي حال” مع خوسيه، ووسط تصفيق جميع الحاضرين خلال حلقة برنامج “كوك ستوديو”، قرر الفنان الإسباني التعبير عن إعجابه بأداء نانسي بطريقته الخاصة ونزل مسرعًا على قدميها لتقبيلها.watch
For a while, u think of many beautiful things, and then u discover that it's all fake..U start dreaming.. So, just live the happy moments in ur dreams coz in fact things are not always what they seem.. Deal with this!
هو الهواء العليل الذي يحملنا إلى عالم الأحلام ويسلخ عنا متاعب الحياة ، هو القمر الذي يكحل عيوننا في ليالي الصيف الدافئة وقطرات المطر التي تعزف ألحان العشق في ليالي الشتاء الباردة…إنه الحب..

فكل يوم يدق قلب وينفتح ويدخله الحب ليقع انغامه على أوتار القلب ونبضاته ويعبر إلى تجاويفه، ليمتلك الروح والوجدان ليسيطر على كيان الإنسان. الحب شعور راق يطوف به العالم حيث يشاء بافراحه واحزانه، يجول في كل مكان فوق السحاب، فوق زبد البحر، غير ابه لا بالقوانين ولا بالوقت مخترق جميع الحواجز والمصاعب فيكون الحب عزاء المرحوم، وراحة المكتوم، ورجاء اليائس ودواء العليل.

والحب الحقيقي يتمثل بالتضحيات، فيبيع العاشق دموعه من أجل فرحة الشريك، فيرقص الأم لمنحه السعادة، ويحرق أيامه ليبعث في حياته الدفء.